HO CHI MINH PATH

After 30 years of living and looking for a suitable revolution model abroad, on 28^th January 1941, President Nguyen Ai Quoc (the name of Ho Chi Minh at that time), returned to Vietnam at border marker No. 108. The President chose Pac Bo as his shelter and continued his activities from 1941 to 1945. He organized political and military training classes for key officials of Cao Bang, translated the History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union intoVietnamese, and edited and published revolutionary documents: The history of our country, Geography of North Vietnam, Geography of Cao Bang and; and military training documents: The Guerrilla, Guerilla experience of Russia, Guerrilla experience of China etc.

At Pac Bo, Nguyen Ai Quoc outlined many important policies and decisions for the revolution campaign in August 1945. He chaired the eighth Central Committee Party Congress at Khuoi Nam Shack in Pac Bo from 10^th to 19^th May 1941. At the congress, a complete strategic approach and tactics was developed, identifying clearly that national liberation was the primary mission of the revolution. The congress elected a Central Committee headed by General Secretary Mr. Truong Chinh. The congress decided to establish the so-called Independent Front Allies of Vietnam (widely known as Viet Minh).

Nguyen Ai Quoc also founded the Independent Vietnam Newspaper and published the first issue on 1^st August 1941. In November 1941, he established the Pac Bo Guerrilla, which became the first armed force in Cao Bang.

The Pac Bo Complex of Monuments (including Pac Bo village, Coc Bo cave, Lenin Stream, Khuoi Nam shack (Truong Ha commune, Ha Quang district) are remarkable places that record Ho Chi Minh’s activities after his return to Vietnam. They were recognized as National Monument on February 21^st 1975 under Decision No. 9 VH/QD, and as a Special National Monument on May 10^th 2012 under Decision No. 548/QĐ-TTg).